1. The Multi-Engagement Model demonstrates that two thirds of undergraduates are highly engaged (belonging in the top 25% of the distribution) in at least one of the defined areas: academic, extracurricular, civic, research, and career. Among seniors, this figure rises to over 85%, indicating increased engagement as students progress through their studies.
2. Notable disparities linked to gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic background
African American students show significantly higher engagement in extracurricular, civic, research, and career activities than White students. Asian students are significantly less engaged in academic and career activities but more engaged in extracurricular and civic activities. Hispanic students exhibit lower academic engagement but higher civic engagement. Wealthy students exhibit significantly higher engagement in academic, extracurricular, civic, and research activities compared to their middle-class peers.
3. Engagement patterns vary significantly across disciplines, shaping how students select their majors.
4. A strong association exists between forms of engagement and learning outcomes, supporting the Multi-Engagement Model assumption that different forms of engagement provide distinct positive outcomes.
5. Different forms of engagement are strongly associated with students’ career preferences and aspirations, guiding them toward diverse postgraduation pathways.
6. Despite these positive findings, the overall landscape of multi-engagement declined across all areas since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, without a full recovery to pre-pandemic levels.
Full infogrpahic available here.
